Pneumatic pump



Feb. 7, 1925. 1,658,031',

B. S. AIKMAN PNEUMATIC PUMP Filed Deo. 3l. 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet l ff 2 3.f2 l// J0 'I 2@ ,l Ui u", 24 III` 111 J? 30 I e?? l! (Hmmm/] l m .l I'f@ 6. ff y x l l e woe/movi' Feb.7,1928. l 1558931 B. S. AIKMAN PN EUMATI G PUMP Filed Dec. s1. 1923 sheets-sheet? Feb. 7, 1928. 1,658,031

. B, s. AIKMAN PNEUMATICI PUMP Filed Dec. 31, 1.925 4 sheets-sheet 5 B.S. AIKMAN Feb. '7; 1928.

PNEUMATIC PUMP Filed Dec.

3l. 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Fen 7, lgi.

uuirsnsrarss Param omas.,

BURTON S. AIKMAN, .0F MJLWA'UKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSCGNOR TO NATIONAL BRAKEAND ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF MELWAUKEE, WISCQNSN, A CRPGRATION OF WIS-CONSIN.

PNEUMATIG PUMP.

application inea December 31, 1923. seran no. 683,533.

My invention relates to pneumaticpumps of the class disclosed in myprior latentV No. 1,423,291, granted July "lh i922. While theinventioniis particularly suitable for faucet control andis'particularly adapted to a single cylinder pump it is to be understoodthat the invention is not limited to such use or such particularembodiment.

As explained in said prior patenh one of the fundamental requirements ofa single cylinder faucet control pump is that the pump be able to tillrapidly so that the intermission between discharge `strokes shall be asshort as possible in order to avoid storing of any substantial.anioi'int of water in the steady Yflow chamber which is used on thedischarge line.

this exhaust port is obstructed by a `poppet 'Valve seating withpressifire so as to remain tight. A large valve 1s essential for rapidevacuation of air pressure but this entails the requirement hofrelatively great power to open such a poppet valve llllhile thisarrangement is highly advantageous ltind that it has one structuraldifficulty. namely that if a yielding` face be employed on the valve forinsuring` tightness of the valve the ullino of the valve off againstinternal pres. p m i A opening of the valve does not tend to dis-` placeor stress the yieldingace. To hold such valve closedl employ a normallyunbalanced differential pressure motor. Even if a yielding; face beprovided on the valve, and it is to be understood that this is notabsolutely essential to the practice of the invention, very smallclearance of the exhaust valve is required for suitable operationbecause t-he stresses 'upon the valve face are such as to tend to clearthe valve port when the valve starts to open.

It will bennderstood that in the prior construction where the yielding'face of the exhaust valve tended to tear loose as the Y In saidpriorpatent av relatively large exhaust port is provided and control.

valveisopened7 suchvalve must be moved a considerable distance away fromthe port y to insure clearance and continued opening; of such port. Inthe valve of my present invention only a small travel of the valve isnecessary to secure complete and adequate openingv of the same.

rlhis opening` of the exhaust valve l secure by a low level controlwhich changes the pressure condition on the differential pressure motorto a sufficient degree to permit the exhaust valve to move to openposition.

At'the same time I employ the admission valve asa snap actuating deviceto impart a quick and positiveV motion to the exhaust valve .in hoth itsopening` and its closing motion. I `believe that l am the first to useaslightly openpoppet valve as snap acting means for closing anothercontrol valve or for opening1 the same.

The admission valve is made preferably with a metal fac-e so that itsopening` as it moves away from its seat against pressure may berelatively small to secure this snap action which l. have mentioned. Nodilitculty is encountered even if the admission valve leaks slightlysince such leakage can occur only during` the brief periods that theexhaust valve is open. The exhaust valve, however, must be tight because.it holds the pneumatic pressure while the pump stands under pressure asis required by faucet Furthermore I wish to point out that according tomy present invention the mode of operation of the admission and exhaustvalves and their control or operatintfgmotor is substantially differentfrom and an improvement upon the device shown in my prior patent.

Incidently `there are a number of other features and improvements Whichwill be apparent fromA the following` specification and the claims.

In order to acquaint those skilled in the art with the manner ofconstructing and op erating` a device embodying my invention l shall nowdescribe. in connection with the accompanying drawings a specificembodi- CIL through the head and upper part of the pump valve of adevice embodying my in vention;

Fig. 2 is a` vertical longitudinal section of the lower and foot portionof the same;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the pump showin in Figures 1 and 2;

Fig. t is a section taken through the head on the line 1-#1 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a similar section through the head taken on the line 5-5 ofFig.. 3;

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section through the head taken on the line 6-6 ofFig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a section taken through the head on the line 7-7 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 8, is a horizontal cross section taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 1showing the high level `control valve;

Fig. 9 is a horizontal cross section taken on the line 9-9 of Fig. 2showing the low level control valve in plan view;

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary vertical section of the valve box taken on theline 10-10 of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a horizontaltransverse section of the valve box taken on theline 11-11 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 12 is a similar view takenon the line 12-12 of Fig. 2 showing theconnection for low level control of the. valve operating motor 5. and YFig. 13 is an elevational view of the main valves and the stem therefor.

The pump which I have illustrated co1nprises primarily the head member 1which is preferably made ot a. brass or bronze casting, the foot member2 which is preferably of like construction7 and the barrel member 3.which is preferably a piece of seamless'tubing.` The head casting 1 issuitably cored and machined to provide the various sockets, passagewaysand chambers hereinafter more specifically described. The

foot casting 2 Vis similarly cored. and machined to provide an inletpassage and valve seat for the admission. of Water into the pumpingchamber 4, which isl the space defined between the head and -tootmembers 1 and 2 and enclosed by the barrel Suitable ring gasket-s 5 and6 are engaged by the Lipper and. lower ends respectively of the tube orsleeve 3 to form a fluid tight lioint. The head and foot casting members1 and 2 are held upon the ends oiV the tube or sleeve 3 by a centralwater discharge pipe 7 which at its upper end is threaded' into asuitable pipe socket formed in the lower face of the head casting 1.This water discharge pipe communicates:y at its upper end with a waterdischarge passage-way 9 as will be more clear from Figures 1. l. and 6and it terminates in a pipe socket- 9 at the top side. of the headcasting 1 into which pipe socket the water discharge pipe from the pumpis threaded.

rlhe lower end of the water discharge pipe 7 is threaded int-o a pipesocket termed in the upper side ot a valve box 10 shown more clearly inFigures 2, 10 and 1l. rlhis valve box casting has a threaded socket 11at its lower end into which there is threaded the stud or pin 12. rlhisstud or pin 12 passes down through a central axial bore in the Jfootmember 2 and extends therethrough to receive the cap nut l?) which drawsup the head and toot casting members upon the ends of sleeve or barrelmen'iber A suitable screen which may be made o' perforated sheet metalor the like is held in place under the edge of thc nut l?) and coversthe intake passageways l5 which are formed in the toot casting. Theseinlet pas sageways 15 terminale in the inlet check valve port 1G whichport is annular and has concentric seats covered by the ring cheek valve17. This ring check valve 17 may be made ol hard rubber or a suitablemolded composition such as bakelite. lt is guided upon a tubularguidiiig member' 1S, the lower end uit which is a continuous sleevethreaded into a socket 19 and the upper end ot which consists oli threearms having suitable lugs 2O ior limiting the upward movement or li'ltoi said inlet check valve 1T.

The head casting l contains two pipe sockets 21 and 22 iu addition tothe pipe socket 9. rlhe socket 21 communicates with au inlet passageway23 which leads into a valve pocket 2i and then through a valve port25into a pecl-:et 26 which pocket commu-- nicates by way oi a passageway2T with the interior of the pumping chamber Thu.` said pipe socket 21 isadapted to be connected by suitable pipe to a source oit pressure fluidsuch as a tank of compressed air. The socket 22 is adapted to beconnected to an exhaust pipe leading to atmosphere. This socket 22connects by way oit a short passagewav 2h into a valve pocket 29 andthrough a valve port to the pocket 2G which communicates` also by way ofpassageway 2T with the interior of the pumping chamber Ai. )in adsissionvalve 30 and an exhaust valve 53' are mounted upon a common stem 32 witha spacingl sleeve 33 between them. This spacing sleeve bears at one endagainst the `guiding portion ot the admission valve 30 and at theopposite end it hears against the central hub portieri 35 oi the exhaustvalve 3l and it has an extending flange 36 which partially overhangs theyielding valve tace 37. The admission valve -O his closely on thereduced portion ot the stem and hears against a shoulder 5:38. El ut 39is threaded upon the end of the stem 32 so as to draw the exhaustv valveagainst the sleeve 33 and this in turn against the adjacent end oi theadmission valve 3() and the admission 'valve 3l) against the shoulder 85to iorm a rigid unitary struc-- Sl (l ture.` The guide portion Si theadmission valve 80 has suitable wings or lands fi() which are guided inthe cylindrical passageway tormedbetweeu the valve pocket 2l and thepocket or chamber 26. ',lhe sleeve 33 similarly has wings or lands Lilwhich guide the same in the cylindrical concentric bore of the exhaustport 4t2. lt will be observed that the travel oit this compourul valvestructure is short and in the structure which l have illustrated one tl.irty second out an inch travel is suliicient to secure completo openingand closing ot the valves 30 and Bl alternately. Since compressed air isadmitted upon the back of the admission valvel() it will be appreciatedthat considerable torce .is required to pull it trom its seat and alsothatconsiderable iorce will be required to hold the exhaust valve 3lclosed against its scat. l have provided therefore a differentialpressure moy ing ch amber.

tor i3 which is adapted to operate the compound valve structure andwhich motor 43 is controlled by means responsive to high and to lowlevel in the pumping ehaber a for` shitting the valve to admisionposition when the liquid has substantially hlled the pumping chamber andtor shitting the valve `structure to the exhaust position when thepumping chauil'ier has been substantially emptied. This dihwerentialpressure motor lil comprises a cylinder or chamber la termed i in thehead l, one side oit said chamber being closed by the guide plateZlythis guide plate being held in .a suitable seat by means otl threeconical head screws Liti as willvbe more apparent from Figures l and 7.The guide p late a5 has a central boss if? which isdrilled to providealoose orso called sloppy tit with the stem 32. `This loose lit ot thestem 39., with the hole through the boss al' of the guide plate 45,provides a leakage passageway for live air iii-om the live air admissionport 23 in advance et the admission valve 30 and its seat 25 to theinterior oi the pumprllhis leakage passageway eX- tends along the stein82, through the diaphragm chamber or pocket dei. down the `l'iassageway(it), pocket, (Si. past the valve ttl,

and througl'i the port 53 into the interior ot the pumping chamber.Stoppage ot the inner end ot said leakage passageway results in anacc'lnnulation oi pressure in said passage or chamber all, whichactuates the motor member .a9 to admit .live air to the pumping chamber.The other side olf the chamber la is closed by a tleitible diaphragm t9which diaphragm is clamped Vabout its edges by means oit the cap or head50, this cap or head being clamped on by sii: machine screws 5l asindicated in lrtigure 3. rlhe diaphragm i9 is apertured atits center andthe inner edges are clamped between flanges and 530i the diaphragmsupport or plate 5a and nut 55 respectively. This diaphragm `support orplate 5a has a central boss which is threaded ot' operations may beestablished.

to receive said nut 55. This boss is threaded upon a reduced threadedportion 56 of the stem 3.a. The outer reduced end 57 of the stem 32passes through a guiding opening in a boss formed in the cap 50, the litot said reduced end 57 in the guiding opening being loose or what isknown as a sloppy tit. A biasing' spring is mounted in the hollow studformed on plate member t and is supported upon the boss termed on. thecap member 50. The function ot this biasing spring is to hold thecompound valve structure in the position shown in Fig. l when there isno pressure upon the pump so that an orderly sequence Since the biasingspring holds the admission valve 3() normally closed and the exhaustvalve 31 normally open when there is no pressure upon the pump, the pumpwill lill with water as soon as it is submerged and it will at once beready for operation as soon as the pressure is applied.

rlhe chamber all which is formed on the back side of the diaphragm 49communicates at all times with the admission passageway 25 through therestriction formed by the loose litot the stem 32 in the guiding platea5. Vrlhe connection between the valve pooltet 21.1: and said chamberaetis restricted but it is sufficient for the purpose of operating themotor as will be yapparent later. This chant ber sie has an exhaustopening comprising a passageway 60 (see Figs. (i and 7) prefer ably'formed by drilling through a casting, which terminates in a valvepocket 6l which pocket is closed by a valve plate and bracket .member G2clamped to the lower surface ot the head member l. A valve port 63 isi'ormed through said plate member 62 and a ball check valve tiet isadapted 'to obstruct port 63. A swinging lever member 65 is pivoted tothe arms or brackets 66 which are formed on said plate member 62 andthis lever member G5 has a pin 67 which enters the port (33 and holdsthe ball check valve (ist oit its seat. The lever ('35 is made relatively heavy so that its outer tree end 68 `overbalances the short endwhich bears the pin G7 to insure automatic opening oit said valve till.rlChe outer tree end 68 has a boss or stud GS which is adapted to engagethe under side of the head casting l when the lever is raised to itsuppermost posit-ion. i It will be noted that the lever 65 surrounds thewater'discharge pipe 7 and the outer end 68 is in position to be engagedby the traveling iloat` member 70 which is guided upon said waterdischarge pipe '7.

The upper end of said iioat 70 bears a rubber butler n'ieinber 7ladapted to engage said outer end (itl ot the lever G5 when water risesin the pumping chamber so that the valve (til: .may drop to its seat bygravity. The rubber butler 7l serves the dual purpose ot preventinghammering against the lever l if llt)

accumulate in the chamber lll.

in thermeta-l of the head member l.

wel:

68 When Water ills the .pumping chamber and .also it serres as loading:for 'he :float i0 to give it sutlieient Weight to operate .the lou7level control valve as *ill be described rlater.

Assuming that the Valve structure and diaphragm and other parts are inthe position @shown in `Fig. l and compressed air is supplied throughthe passageway 33 the leakage ot compressed air past the bearing et?onthe stem 32 enters the chamber le but exhausts therefrom into the topoi' `the pump- .chamber i because the valve 16e'- is held away from itsseat and pressure cannot Non' `as soon as the float .70 rises .andpermits the valve (il `to seat pressure builds up in said chamber tauntil .the total pressure upon the diaphragm is greater than thepressure upon the :admission valve 30 whereupon the entire structure issnapped to the left, as viewed in Fig. l, opening the admission valveand closing t-he exhaust Valve. Liveair is thereupon admitted to kthepumping chamber l and builds .up a pressure therein rery rapidly, thispressure acting upon the valr 3l tend* ing t open the same but isineffectual because of the pressure of lire air upon the right-hand sideof the diaphragm 49. Tater is thereupon Vexpelled from the pumpingchamber as will be explained later, and the-level of water in. thepumping chamber t drops with the .result that the iloat TO no `longersupports the outer end oi' the lever .and check valve Gl is opened.However5V it Will be noted that the pressure from the pumping` chamber dthen freely communicates with the diaphragm chamber elfi on theright-hand side of the diaphragm Li9 so that V,the same pressure whichtends to push the exhaust valve oil the seat also acts on thc diaphragm49 tending to `hold .the exhaust valve upon its seat. The proportioningoit' the parts, and particularly of the areas inA volved7 is such thatthe area of the diaphragm 19 is substantially in excess oit the area ofthe exhaust valve 31 with the result that there is a larger "forcetending to hold the exhaust Valve closed than to open it. The net resultis that the exhaust valve remains closed.

The diaphragm chamber 58 formed on the left-hand rside .of diaphragm 49as viewed in Figure l communicates With the outside pressure, Which isusually7 the pressure of submersion, through the loose fit between `thereduced stem portion 5T and the guiding boss in which it lies. Normally,therefore, the pressure prevailing in chamber 58 is la `relatively lowhydrostatic pressure not Imuch more than a feu' pounds above atmosphericpressure. This diaphragm chamber communicates by Way oit a passagevay 78formed in the lower part ot' the cap member 5,0 and an extension thereof73 formed A short 'inseam 4threaded into a socket lormed in the metal ofthe head member l and which :it its lower end is threaded into a nur" Toin the lower part ot the ralre box. This pipe T5 which is preferably aylength of .small dialneter copper tubing, extends substantially axiallyot the water discharge pipe i' dou'n through said Valve box lil pas( thewater discharge check valve TT and iuio the lower part of said boss l0where a pocket TT is formed :tor receirinpA the nut To. The threadedstud 12 threads' into the lower end ot' said pocket T7 closing oil thesaune. The nut TG is a cap nut haring a series ot pasw sageways 78theretluough, said passugeirays permitting `communieatiou between thepipe and the interior olf the pocket 7T. The pocket TT in turncommunicates througih a horizontal passage.ruy 7S) and a verticalpassageway SO with a ralrc port Sl 'formed iu the removable seat Si).This seat 82 is pressed into a countcrbore formed in the end oitpassageway 80. This valve port Si is controlled by a suitable ralrelforiued o l a yielding disc S3 held by a clampingl uut Hl in the shortend 85 of the ralre oilieraliua` lerer This lever is piroted on lugs Siforming a part of the structure olf the vulve l0. The central part oitthe lerer 8G is hollowed out to surrouml the water discharge pipe 7 andthe outer end 83 olf this lever is adapted to engage the lower phucmember 89 of the float member 70. il .suitable Wire spring in the shapeet u hair pin is shown at 90. This spring is :fastened by shoulderedscreu's 9i and 92 io the lever hl and to the body oi the valrc box l0res} ectively so as to hold the ralre 83 over the port 8l except whenthe Weight oi the lloat 70 is brought upon the outer end oit the lerer86. The Water discharge rulre i is :formed oi a metal back and ayielding tare portion clamped upon a stem Slt. the rear end of which isguided in a` hollouY lug fla providing a. guiding pocket. il uur nothreaded upon a reduced portion oit said stem 9iclamps the Valve TTagainst u shoulder on said stem Ell. The forward or outer end 9T of saidstem 9i is reduced in diameter and is guided in a suitable guide Sillsupported by spider arms 99 i'rom a plate l0() which plate is clampedupon the outer surtace ot' said valve box l0 by screws lill. The backside of the plate 100 has a ralrc seat 102 formed thereupon. This rulreseat surrounding the valve port which is closed by said Valve 77. Thisralve 7T is placed as low as practicable in the pumping cham-- ber 4 andthe reversal controlling valve 8B is placed slightly higher than thewater discharge valve, so that the valve 77 is always submerged. Thevalve 83 is placed below the float 70 so that it will be submerged andsealed by the liquid in the pumping chamber. This is an advantage firstbecause it is much easier to retain a liquid under pressure than it is agas and second the discharge of liquid from the pumping` chamber by theopening of' said valve `83 accelerates the opening of the valve byfurther lowering thevalve 83 with the result that the valve will fifi becracked open. Vhen this occurs then water is forced down through thepassageway 8l, 80, 79 through the passageways in the nut 78 up throughthe pipe 75 through the passageways 78 and 78 into the dan phragmchamber 58, a part of' the liquid being discharged out through the loosefit around the stem portion 57 and the-remainder acting upon thediaphragm 49 to force the same to the right to close the admission valveand open the exhaust valve. Pressure in the chamber 58 does not need toexceed the pressure in the chamber 44 since the air pressure upon the`exhaust valve 3l also assists in opening said exhaust valve and closingthe admission valve. As soon as the valve system starts to move to theright, the motion is accelerated by snapping of the admission valve toits seat. rlhus it will be seen that the motion of the air valvestructure in either direction is accomplished with a snap action, thissnap being secured chiefiy by the construction and pumping chamber thefloat rising, live air is acting upon the back of the admission valve 30holding` it closed. Live air is lealt-` ing past the stem 32 along theguide 47 into 'the diaphragm chamber 44 and is exhausting from samethrough the open valve port G3. Air is being expelled from the pumpingchamber and out the exhaust valve as the liquid level rises. The lowlevel control valve 83 is closed and held in such position by thehair-pin spring 90, the diaphragm chamber 58 is under submergencepressure only and is substantially full of liquid.

The rising of the float 70 lifts the outer end of' the lever 65 andpermits the check valve 64 to close whereupon pressure builds up in thechamber 44 relatively rapidly and forces the diaphragm and connectedparts to the left as viewed in Fig. l. As soon as the admmission valve3() is cracked from seat it moves very readily and brings the exhaustvalve 3l against its seat, rlhe motion of the valves is small but itissufficient to secure ample valve opening` Thereafter as the pressure inthe pumping chamber rises and begins to expel the liquid through thedischarge check valve 77 the float 70 is lowered permitting the weightedlever to open the ball valve 64, This .valve 64 is readily openedat thistime since the pressures upon opposite sides of thesame aresubstantially equal. Any slight leakage that there might be past thevalve 83 up through the central tube and into the chamber 58 is free to,leali out of said chamber past the reduced portion 57 of the stem 32. Asthe liquid level lowers the neat 7 0 finally rests upon the outer end 88oi' the lever 86 andv when the weight of the float bears heavily enoughupon said lever the control valve 83 is opened against internal pressureand liquid is immediately discharged `through the valve port 81 andthrough the connecting passageways into the diaphragm chamber 58 tendingto equalize or substantially equalize the pressures upon opposite sidesof the diaphragm 49. As soon ast-his differential motor is sufficientlynear-` ly balanced, the pressure upon the exhaust valve 81 assisting,said exhaust valve will be opened and the-admission valve 30 will besnapped to its seat. `Thereupon the compressed air which has filled thepump chamber 7 is permitted to exhaust out of' the exhaust passagewayand also the air which occupied the diaphragm chamber 44 dis` chargespast the valve 64 into the pumping chamber 4 and from there out theexhaust passageway. At the same time the pressure upon the left-handside of the dia `phragm 49 drops substantially to atmos- Cil lifting theadmission check valve 17 and raises the lloat closing oft' the valve 83and promptly lilling the pumping chamber with liquid and repeating thecycle ot operation.

The provisions for easy and quick assembly of the pump are noteworthy.There is a straight transverse opening through the head, the centralpart which forms a guide for the guiding` portion 34 oi' the admissionValve 30 is the most restricted part. This bore is finished to provide asuitable guide. The adjacent bore forming the exhaust port 4:2 is alsolinished to form a suitable guide for the Wings of the guiding sleeve otthe exhaust valve. rlhe guiding plate @t5 seats in a Vlarger boreclosing oil' the communication between the chamber el and the valvepocket 24.

It will be noted thatin assembling thc valve in the head, the diaphragmand clamping plate may be individually assembled thereafter the valvestem 32 With the admission valve 30 thereupon is inserted from theleft-hand side of the head as viewed in Fig. l., whereupon the plate 45is put in place, then lthe guiding sleeve and exhaust valve 31 are putin place and fastened by the clamping nut 39. The diaphragm plate 54,with diaphragm attached, is then threaded upon the threaded portion 53and the diaphragm brought properly into register and cap 50 with thimbleTet brought into place and passed over the reduced stem portion 57 withthe biasing spring suitably interposed. The cap 50 is then secured inplace by the screvvs 5l and thereafter the screw cap at the right-handend ot the bore Vis fastened in place over the exhaust valve 3l. Thecontrol valve 63 and its connected lever may then be assembled upon thebase of the head. The valve box-l0 With its controlling valve and itsdischarge valve may next be assembled in connection-With the dischargepipe 'i' and float 70. The central tube With its nut 76 may then beassembled in place.V The sleeve 3 brought into engagement With the headmember l and the foot member being brought upon the end ot the sleeveand assembled upon the stud l2 With the cap 13 securing the partstogether.

li do not intend to be limited to the details shown or' described exceptas limited by the claims.`

l claim:

l. In a pump the combination ot a pumping chamber adapted to be iilledby hydrostatic pressure and emptied by pneumatic pressure of inlet anddischarge checl; valves` for liquid, a. pneumatic pressure connection,said chamber having an exhaust port, an exhaust valve adapted to closesaid port When Water has filled the pumping chamber, a differentialpressure motor adapted to be subjected to the internal pressure in thecylinder' and being unbalanced in one direcnemesi tion to hold. theexhaust valve against its seat and means responsive to emptying` ot thepumping chamber Vier changing the pressure condition ot the motor topermit opening Volf the exhaust valve by said internal pressure.

2. In a pump the combination elA a pumping chamber adapted to be filledby hydrostatic pressure and enuitied bj.' pneumatic pressure suitablyprovided. ,said ehamber having an exhaust porty iter pressure lluid, anexhaust valve having` a yieldin face lor closing said port, said vulve:wat againt internal pressure7 a ',:der area than the area of theexlmur--rA @gpm-ed to the internal pressure olE pressure tu peut against.internal pres: e, a stem rmineel'ing.; said piston to .said valve.. andmeansaperating at lou' level ot liquid iu the lchamber for opposing thepressure upon said pif-'lon to a sullicient extent to permit saidexi-.rust valve to open and exhaust the, pressure fluid in the pumpingchamber.

3. In a pump the combination el' a pumping chamber having means :lforproviding pneumatic pressure and having: un haust port, an exhaust vulvesealing over said port, said valve ce bein exposed to internal pressure,a piston el' i.eater ell'ective area than the el'ertive mea et the,exhaust valve exposed to uuernai pre-sure :ui-l tending to hold saidexhaust valve lo veut against internal pressure. a connecliou betweensaid piston and seid valve?, means operating at low level el' liquid inthe rhumber for opposing the pre:-;sure upcu said piston to a sullicientextent if; permit i d exhaust valve to open and mean,` for holding saidexhaust valve open until liquid has substantially filled 1he pumpingchamber.

at. In a pump the combin :iu el u pumping chamber 'for liquid adapted iobe .ilhvi by hydrostatic prei-g: u-e and emptied by pneumatic pressure,a connection prcvidi1i; pneumatic pressure, an exhaust purl :l'or thechamber leading to atmosphere, an exhaust lift valve seating over thealmosixihcrie end of said port to retain pneumatic ilnesuire iu the pumpand openingl to exhaust the same, a pressure actuated member et grenieretlective area than the ellectivc area ol' said valve exposed on oneside to Ehe pucumuie pressure Within the chamber and connected to saidvalve 'for holding said valve closed.

5. ln a pump the combination olf a pumping chamber for liquid adapte-l obe illed by hydrostatic pre-"euri` and emptied by pneumatic pressure, uceuuecti-:iu providing pneumatic pre, ure. an exhaust port lor thechamber leading to atmosphere. au exhaust lift valve seating over theatmd-pheriil cud of said port to retain pneumatic pressure in the pumpand opening lo exhaucl he same, a pressure actuated member olI greatercliccthe fluid lior holdine said exhaust valine lid netsnoer tive areathan the eii'ective area of said valve Y exposed on one side to thepneumatic pres- Lil) sure within the chamber and connected to said valvetor holding said valve closed, and means operable on lovv level otliquid in the chamber lor substantially neutraliz` ing the pressure onsaid pressure actuated member.

6. ln a pump, the combination ola pumping chamber for liquid adapted tobe lilled by hydrostatic pressure and emptied by pneumatic pressure, aconnection providing pneumatic pressure, an exhaust port Jfor thechamber leading to atmosphere, an exhaust litt valve seating over theatmospheric end of saidv port to retain pneumatic pressure in the pumpand opening to exhaust the same, a pressure actuated member of greater-`eliective area than the eliective area oi' said valve exposed on oneside to thepneuniatic pressure Within the chamber for holding said valveclosed and means for causing the valve to moveto open position upon lowlevel of liquid in the chamber.

'i'. In a pump, the combination of a pumping chamber for liquid adaptedto be lilled by hydrostatic pressure and emptied by pneumatic pressure,a connection providing pneumatic pressure, an exhaust port for thechamber leading to atmosphere, an exhaust litt valve seating over theatmospheric end ot said port to retain pneumatic pressure in the pumpand opening to erhaustthe same, a pressure actuated member of greateretlective area than the eliective area ot said valve exposed on one sideto the pneumatic pressure within the chamber for holdingl said valveclosed and means controlled by low level oi liquid in the chamber forapplying fluid pressure to the opposite side oit' said pressureactuatediiiember to permit the internal pressure to open said valve.

8. ln a pump having a liquid pumping chamber provided with inlet anddischarge valves and adapted to be lilled by hydrostatic pressure andemptied by pneumatic pressure suitably provided, an air exhaust port, anair exhaust valve adapted to close the exhaust port when water hasfilled the pun'iping chamber, a pressure actuated member subject topressure in the chamber for holding said valve closed against internalpressure, and means tor neutralizing the lpressure upon said holdingmeans `when lsure lluid inlet passageway, a diiilerential pressureactuated member connected to the exhaust valve, a lirst chamber tor thepresa sure actuated member having restricted l.

communication with the fluid inlet port and having a valve communicatingwith `the se *D pumping chamber, high level control means for closingsaid valve, pressure in said lirst` chamber tending to close the exhaustvalve, a second chamber on the opposite side of the pressure actuatedmember having a restricted coimiiunicaizion with the outside ot the pumpand having` a. valved connection with the interior ot the pumpingchamber and low level means for opening said last named valve to admitpressure trom the pumping chamber to said second chamber' pressure insaid second chamber tending to opensaid exhaust valve.

10. ln combination a Vpumping chamber having inlet and discharge checkvalves adapted to be iilled by hydrostatic pressure and emptied bypneumatic pressure, `and having an exhaust port leading to atinospliere,an exhaust valve seating over the at-` mospheric end of said portagainst internal pressure, said pumping chamber having a pressure fluidinlet passageway, a ditl'erential pressure actuated member connected tothe exhaust valve, a iirst chamber for the pressure actuated memberhaving restricted communication with the tluid inlet port and having avalve coiiiniunicating with themember and to the exhaust valve andfacing said exhaust valve, said admission valve `being adapted to beheld to its seat by live pneumatic pressure when the exhaust valve isopen.

ll. ln a pump ot a class described, a

pun'iping chamber having an exhaust passageway, a fluid pressureactuated piston havinga chamber upon each side thereof, a live airadmission passageway to the pumping chamber a restricted coiiimun'cationbetween said live air admission passageway and one oit said chambers, arestricted come inunication between the other ot said chami bers andatmosphere, a. valved pressure coii- I nection from the first chamber tothe top ot the pumping chamber, a valved connection from the secondchamber to the bottom ot the pumping chamber, level responsive means forcontrolling said connections and an air valve governing admission andeX- haust olE compressed air to and from the lll) pumping chamberconnected to said piston member.

12. ln a pump of the class described, the combination of a pumping`chamber, an exhaust passageway having an exhaust port leading toatmosphere, an exhaust valve closing the atmospheric end or' saidexhaust port, a source of compressed air, and ad mission valve betweensaid source coinpressed air and the pumping chamber, said pumpingchamber having an admission port adapted to be closed by said admi sionvalve and held upon said port by pressure of the compressed air whilethe exhaust valve is open, a pressure actuated member and means to applycompressed air thereto when water has filled the pumping chamber 'forpulling said admission valve oil' its seat and for bringing the exhaustvalve upon its seat to make the discharge stroke ot the pumping chamber.

13. In combination, al pumping chamber having a live air admissionpassageway, and an exhaust passageway, an admis on port having a poppetvalve adapted to seat with live air pressure over said admission port,said exhaust passageway7 having an exhaust port leading to atmospherewith an exhaust valve closing the atmospheric end of said port to retainpressure in the pumping chamber, a pressure actuated member connected tosaid valves, a chamber i'or said pressure actuated member havingrestricted communication with the admission passage way and means forrelieving the pressure in said last named chamber.

14:. In a device of the class described, a pumping chamber having anadmission passageway having an admission port, and an exhaust passagewayhaving an exhaust port, an admission valve seating with live airpressure on its port, an exhaust valve seating against internal pressureof the pumping chamber over its port, a diaphragm having a stemconnecting said valves, chambers on opposite sidesoi the diaphragm, arestricted communica-tion between the admission port and one of saidchambers, a restricted conimunication between atmosphere and the otherof said chambers and level controlled valve connections between saidchambers and the interior of the pumping chamber.

V15. In a pump, a pumping chamber, a source of compressed air, acompressed air admission valve, of the litt type seating with thedifference in pressure between the live air and the air in the pumpingchamber during exhaust, a compressed air exhaust valve of the lift typeseating against the dittcrv ence in pressure between the compressed airin the pumping chamber and outside thereof during admission, and a.differential pressure motor connected to said valves and adapted to beunbalanced alternately to overcome the forces acting against saidvalves.

'netsnoer 1G. ln a pump, a pumping chamber, a live air connectioncoinprising an admission port and an admission valve on said port whenthe puinpii g' chamber is substantially empty and held on said port bythe pressure o'l' the live air, a leakage pmssageway leading from thelive air connection to the interior of. the pumping chamber, means iorclosing the inner end oit said leakage passageway when water hassubstantiall)Y lillcd die pumliiing chamber, and a motor 'tor open-- ingthe admission valve dieratcd by the air accumulated in said leali'ngepassageway when the inner end thercol;I is closed.

17. ln a pump, a puinpi chamber, :i live air connection comprisingadmission port and an admission valve seated on said port when thepumping chamber substantially empty and held on said port by thepressure of the live air, a leakage passageway leading from the live airconnection to the inte 'ior oi' the punujiing chaniber, means iorclosing the inner end of said leakage passageway when water hassubstantially tilled ,the pumping chamber, and a. valve operating motorhaving diaphragm (,-onnectcd to said admission valve and a diaphragmchamber communicating with said leakage port intermediate its ends, saiddiaphragm being actuated by the air pressure accumin lated in saidchamber when the inner end o lE said leakage passageway is closed.

18. in a pump, a pumping chamber, a live air connection comprising an:ulmission port and an admission valve seated on ,said port when thepumping chamber is substun tially empty and held on said port by thepressure of the live ai r, a leakage passageway leading from the liveair connection to the interior ot the pumping chamber, means lor closingthe inner end oi' said leakage passageway when water has substantiallylilled the pumping chamber, a motor :tor opening the admission valveoperated by the air ac cumulated in said leakage passageway, au exhaustconnection 'tor the pumping chamber comprising an exhaust port, unexhaust litt valve seating over the atmospheric end ot of:l said exhaustport against internal pres`- sure, and a. connection between saidadmission valve and said exhaust,- valve.

19. lin a pump, a pumping chamber, a live air connection comprising anadmission port and an admission valve seated on said port when thepumping chamber is substantially empty and held on said port h v thepressure oif the live air, a lealvage flmssagewny lead-- ing itroni thelive air connection to 'the iuterior oit the pumping chamber, meanscontrolled by the high level oit liquid in the pumping chamber 'torclosingv the inner end oic said leakage pas'igeway when water hassubstantially lilled' the pumping chaud 4r, u valve operating motorhaving a diaphragm connected to said admission valve and havlll() llt)ing a diaphragm chamber communicating with said leakage portintermediate its ends, said diaphragm being actuated to open theadmission valve by the air pressure accumulated in said chamber when theinner end of said leakage passageway is closed, an exhaust connetctionfor the pumping chamber comprising an exhaust port, an exhaust liftvalve seating over the atmospheric end of said exhaust port againstinternal pressure in the pumping chamber, a connection between saidadmis sion valve and said exhaust valve, a fluid pressure chamber forthe other side ci' said motor diaphragm and means controlled by lowlevel of liquid in the pumping chamber for admitting pressure from theinterior of the pumping chamber to said latter diaphragm chamber topermit the admission valve to close and the exhaust valve to open.

20. ln a pump, a pumping chamber, a live air connection having a portleading to the chamber, an admission poppet valve seating on the liveair side of said port, a pressure motor for the admission valve having amotor chamber1 connected to said live air connection through arestricted inlet connection and having a valved exhaust connectionleading to the interior of' the pumping chamber, and high level meansgoverning the closing of said exhaust connection when liquid hassubstantially lilled the pumping chamber.

21. ln a pump, a pumping chamber, a live air connection having a portleading to the chamber, a poppetv admission valve for said port seatingover the live air side of 'the same and being adapted to be held oversaid port by said live air pressure, spring means tending to hold saidvalve upon said port,

'a motor for pulling said valve oil said port,

said motor having a motor chamber, a con A stantly open passageway ofrestricted size leading from the live air connection to said motorchamber, and an unrestricted exhaust passageway from said motor chamberto the interior of the pumping chamber and high level means for closingthe said exhaust passageway when water has substantially .tllled thepumping chamber.

22. ln combination, in a pump having a pumping chamber comprising asleeve meinber, a head member closing the upper end of the sleeve, afoot member closing the lower end ot the sleeve, a discharge pipeextending down from the head member to the lower end of the pumpingchamber, a discharge check valve mounted at the lower end ot the pipe, afluid pressure pipe attending up through the discharge pipe, an airvalve having an operating motor communicating with the upper end ofsaidfluid pressure pipe, and a low level valve having a passagewaycommunicating with the vlower end oit 'the fluid pressure pipe foradmitting fluid pres sure from the pumping chamber to said valveoperating motor when the discharge stroke has been substantiallycompleted.

ln a pump having a pumping chamber comprising a sleeve, a head memberclosing the upper end et the sleeve and a foot member closing the lowerend of the sleeve, a central discharge pipe extending down from the headmember, a valve box at the lower end of the discharge pipe having adischarge check valve opening laterally into the bottom of' the pumpingchamber, a pocket in the lower end of said valve box, a stud closing thelower end of said pocket and being connected to the foot member, a fluidpressure pipe connected to the bottom of the head member and lyinginside of said water discharge pipe, said fluid pressure pipe entendingdown into said pocket, a nut secured to the lower end ot said fluidpressure pipe, said nut lying in the pocket, a low level control valvehaving a passageway communicat ing with said pocket, said low levelvalve being arranged to admit fluid pressure from the pumping chamber tosaid fluid pressure pipe when the pumping chamber has been substantiallyemptied, and an air valve controlling the application of pressure tosaid pumping chamber, said air valve having a fluid pressure operatedmotor connected to the upper end of' said fluid pressure pipe.

24. ln a pump, a pumping chamber comprising a sleeve member, a headmember clos ing the upper end ot the sleeve member, a foot memberclosing the lower end of the sleeve, a central water discharge pipeconnected to the bottom of the head, the water discharge pipe extendingthrough the head and communicating with the said pipe, a valve bon atthe lower end of said pipe, a connection between the box and the footmember, a discharge check valve mounted in said valve box, andcontrolling the communication between the lower end of the waterdischarge pipe and the interior of the pumping chamber, a central fluidpressure pipe disposed within the water discharge pipea valve having apassageway communicating with the lower end of said fluid pressure pipe,said valve having an arm extending into proximity with the waterdischarge pipe, a traveling float guided on the outside of said waterdischarge pipe and adapted to engage said arm upon low level conditionsin said pumping chamber, a fluid pressure control valve for the pumpingchamber and a fluid pressure operated motor for said control valve, saidfluid pressure motor being connected to the upper end of said fluidpressure pipe.l

ln a pump, a pumping chamber comprising a sleeve, a head member closingthe upper endet the lsleeve and a foot member closing the lower end ofthe sleeve, a water discharge pipe extending from the lower end of thehead member towards the foot member, a water discharge valve boxconnected to the lower end ot' the pipe, a connection between the tootmember and the 'lower end of the valve box, a central fluid pressurepipe inside the water discharge pipe, a low level valve having apassageway'communicating said communication, a valve operating `leverextending into proximity to the water discharge pipe, a diaphragmbetween said motor chambers, an air valve connected to said diaphragm,and a travelling float guided on the Water discharge pipe and adapted toengage alternately said valve operating levers.

26. ln a pneumatic pump, the combination with a pump chamber provided-with water inlet and outlet valves, an air admission valve, and an airexhaust port, of an air exhaust valve located outside `said pump chamberto control said exhaust port, 'a fluid pressurel actuated motor actingduring the discharge stroke of the pump to keep said exhaust valveclosed against the pressure -in said pump chamber, and Alow level meansgoverning the motor for opening said exhaust valve'.

2 7. In a pneumatic pump, the ,combination with a pump chamber providedwith Water inlet and outlet valves, an air admission valve, and an airexhaust port, et' an aii1 eX- haust valve located outside said pumpchamber to control said exhaust port, a reversible motor, said motoracting 'in one direction by ilud pressure to keepsaid 'air exhaust valveclosed against the pressure in said pump chamber, and means'responsiveto low level in said pump chamber to control said motor to permit theinternal pressure to open said exhaust valve.

28, lna pneumatic pump, the combination with a pump chamber providedAwith water inlet and .outlet valves,- an air admission valve, and anair exhaust port, of an air exhaust val-ve located outside said pump.chamber to control said exhaust port, means oper-ated by tluid pressureand controlled by high level .in the pump chamber' to apply said exhaustvalve to said exhaust port and to hold it thereupon against internalpressure in the pumping cnam'ber, and mea-11s cont-rolled by lowA levelin said pump tor vopposing said lirst means to cause the exhaustLeisaosi G* valve to be opened by the internal pressurey in the pumpingchamber.

29. 1n a pneumatic pump, the combination with a pump chamber providedwith Water inlet and discharge "alvcs, aud air admission port and an airexhaust port. un air admission valve and an air exhaust vvalve locatedoutside the pump chamber to ioutrol said exhaust port, a fluid pressureoperated member acting during the discharge strohe oit the pump to keepsaid exhaust valve closed against the pressure in the pump chamber, andlow level meansl governing thc motor to permit the exhaust valve. 'toopen, said admission and said exhaust vulves have ing continuousconnection with euch other.

30. ln a pump, a pump chamber having water inlet Vand discharge valves,un air admission valve, an air exhaust port und an air exhaust valveseating on said port against the internal pressure of said chamber, :1motor element connected to said exhaust vulve, :i high level controlledpilot valve Yl'or controlling the application of pressure to said motorelement to close the exhaust valve and .open the admission valve, a iluid pressure chamber for applying a balancing pres sure to said motorelement, and a low level controlled pilot valve controlling theapplication of fluid pressure to said lluid pres-- sure chamber.

3l. In a pneumatic pump, a pump chamber having an air admission vulveaud au air exhaust valve, a th'iid pressure chamber saving a motorelement connected to said valves, an air supply line, a constantly openrestricted air passage from the liuc lo the lfluid pressure chamber, apassage from he pump chamber to the lluid pres ire cuambcr, a pilotvalve controlling said lu' er pa apc, and level controlled meansoperating on high level to close said pilot valve.

In a pneumatic pump, a pump chumber having an air` admission valvi,l andun air exhaust valve, a ljluid pressure chamber han ing a motor elementconnected to said valves, an air supply line, u cimstuntljiy upcnrestricted air passage from the line lo the luid pressure chamber, apassage Ylruui the pump chamber to the i'luid pressure huurber, a pilotvalve controlling` said latter pas sage, said pilot valve comprising acheck valve opening inwardly towards the lluid pressure chamber, meanstending to hold `'sa-id check val-ve open, and a float operating on high`level of liquid in the chamljier to neutralize said holding means topermit the check valve Vto close.

ln a pneumatic pump, a pump chamber having an inlet for fluid pressureaud au exhaust port therefor, an exhaust vul vc scat ing on said portagainst the internal preisure in the chamber,` means to hold said valveon said port by the lluid pressure in 'fil lud

llt)

lill] said valve on said port by therfluid pres-` sure in the pumpingchamber with a force Which .increases directly with the internalpressure in said pumping chamber, said 'means comprising' a motorelement having a larger ellective area than the eective area of theexhaust valve, both said motor ele` ment and said exhaust valve beingexposed to the same internal pressure in the pump chamber but inopposite directions.`

35. In combination, a pumping chamber, an air control valve mechanismtherelor having admission and exhaust passageways terminating in seatsfacing in opposite directions in line with each other and comprising avalve stem having a fluid pressure motor member connected to one endthereof, said stem having a shoulder, a sleeve having an admission valveat one end embracing the stem and engaging the shoulder', an exhaustvalve on the stem engaging the other end of the sleeve, a nut :tor thestem for holding said sleeve and exhaust valve rigidly onw said stem,said admission and exhaust valves facing the corresponding seats andcooperating therewith.`

36. ln a pneumatic pump, the combination ol a barrel for providing apumping chamber, a. head member for the barrel contain ing an aircontrol valve mechanism having movable parts, said head having atransverse bore for housing the movable parts of the mechanism, saidtransverse bore com- ,prising an admission valve seat and an exhaustvalve seat, a plug closing one end oi" the bore adjacent the exhaustvalve seat and deiining an exhaust valve chamber communicating Withexhaust, an apertured plate secured across the bore adjacent theadmission valve seat delining on one side an admission valve chamber, adiaphragm across the outer end ot the transverse bore and defining withsaid plate a diaphragm cham ber, a cap clamped on the edge oit thediaphragm and defining a second diaphragm W, chamber, a central stemsecured to the diaphragm and passing through said apertured plate, saidstem having a reduced portion starting with a shoulder, a sleeve havingan admission valve member disposed in the admission valve chamber, saidsleeve abut ting said shoulder, an exhaust valve member on the stemanddisposed in the exhaust valve chamber, said exhaust valve abuttingsaid sleeve, and meanson the end oit the stem tor clamping the exhaustvalve against the sleeve, said head having passagevvays tor admissionand exhaust connections to the pumping chamber under the control ol saidvalves, and means to control the ap plication of pressure to saiddiaphragm chamberso 3i. ln a pump having a pumping chamber', an aircontrol valve lor the pumping chamber, a diaphragm having a centralopening therethrough, a clamping plate having a hollov:r stud extendingthrough the opening in the diaphragm, a nut lor the stud, said nutclamping the diaphragm against the plate, a valve stem' secured to thehollow stud, said stem being connected to the air control valve, meanssupporting the edges oi' the diaphragm and Yforming motor chambers oneach side 0i the valve, said stem extending loosely through an openingin the wall of one ot said motor chambers to provide a guide, and alsoto provide a restricted fluid passageway kept open by movement oi thestem in the opening.

lin a pump having a pumping chamber, an air `control valve therefor, adiaphragm having a central opening, a clamping inember having a studextending through the opening, a threaded clamping plate cooperatingtherewith to clamp the diaphragm between them, means supporting theouter edges of the diaphragm and forming a motor chamber tor one sidethereof, a stem :tor the air control valve, said stem being cured to theclamping member on the diaphragm, said motor chamber having an openingthrough one vvall thereof, said stem projecting loosely through saidopening to provide a restricted fluid passageway which is kept open bythe movement ol the stem.

lin Witness vvhereol, l hereunto subscribe my name this 26th day oiDecember 1923. BURTON S. Allildrlll.

lll()

